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Culture and Health

The relationship between health and culture is very imperative. From health beliefs and perceptions to health actions needed to be taken; culture plays a very extensive role in health. It affects a person’s thoughts about health, how they care for themselves, where they should get medical attention and treatments that could be used. In fact, respect plays an important role in cultural health. Healthcare providers must respect a patient’s values if they choose to not receive certain care. For instance, Jehovah’s Witnesses do not believe in blood transfusions or obtaining blood from any other source. Therefore, they refuse any type of treatment like that no matter how sick they are and as a healthcare provider, their wish must be granted. Cultural health is practiced everywhere. Some norms should be followed to live up to one’s culture.

Gender Norms in Sierra Leone 

In Sierra Leone, women do not hold the same weight of empowerment as men do in this country. For many years’ women have faced countless problems including sexual and domestic violence, rape, abuse, and even ignored voice. With them facing these issues, they are also subjected to providing most of the food labor while men focus on the ownership of their labor (USUAID 2019). Marriage plays a huge role and sets the gender norms in Sierra Leone. There was a study that took place that asked three women what is affecting the growth of women in Sierra Leone. They all agreed upon the idea that their culture anticipates a woman to wed a man and build a family. They said that in their culture marriage and children are something that is supposed and pushed on to a woman. Ramathu, one of the people in the interview, believes that this sets women back because they feel as though they must do this to be common in their country (Velázquez 2018). Whilst women in Sierra Leone are focused on household labor and building families, men of this country are used to taking charge and providing the household income. It’s said how some men do not like for their significant other to take part in the intense labor. In the Sierra Leone, culture women just focus on labor at home and men focus on providing money and taking part in the hard-physical labor (GOV of Canada).

 

Culture 1.jpg

Picture of women doing preparing food while taking care of the baby. Retrieved from https://theconversation.com/sierra-leones-laws-to-protect-women-have-unintended-consequences-109815

Cultural Health in Sierra Leone 

In Africa, many countries support the Female Genital Mutilation (FGM). This is a procedure that surgically removes or changes the female’s genital parts. Sierra Leone supported this idea and it became a norm. When a girl became of age for the FGM, a Sowei would come to the household to inform the family about how to go about starting this procedure. In fact, not only was it up to the individual or the family of that person to decide on going through with the procedure but sometimes the community would decide for the person. This procedure is harmful and sometimes causes negative effects. Many health problems could occur because of insanitation and even result in the transmission of HIV (Bjalkander 2012).  

 

After the Ebola outbreak in Sierra Leone, many cultural beliefs were altered to accommodate the spread of the virus. In Sierra Leone culture there’s a certain way that they do burials but because of Ebola the norm change. Instead of physical contact funerals with certain people they had to change funerals by professional Ebola virus teams. Another ritual that was affected was their traditional healing practice. This was something they used those sick. This provided physical contact between the healer and the patient. This is a cultural practice that benefited those that were sick and needed physical health. Although it needed to be stopped due to the Ebola outbreak, this was a cultural practice that benefited the people in this country (O'Leary et al., 2018).

Picture of girl being scared of what is used for the Female Genital Mutation procedure. Retrieved from https://makonitimes.wordpress.com/2016/08/30/%E2%80%8Bthe-case-of-fgm-in-sierra-leone-to-ban-or-not-to-ban/

References

USAID. (2019). Gender Equality and Women’s Empowerment. Retrieved from https://www.usaid.gov/sierra-leone/gender-equality-and-womens-empowerment

 

Velázquez. (2018). Marriage and harmful cultural practices: hear the voices of three women in Sierra Leone. Retrieved from https://webgate.ec.europa.eu/echo/eu-aid-volunteers

 

Owolabi Bjälkande, Owolabi Bjälkander, Bailah Leigh, Grace Harman, Staffan

Bergström and Lars Almroth. (2012). Female Genital Mutilation in Sierra Leone: who are the decision makers?. African Journal.  Retrieved from  https://www.jstor.org/stable/23485781

 

O'Leary, A., Jalloh, M. F., & Neria, Y. (2018). Fear and culture: contextualising mental health impact of the 2014-2016 Ebola epidemic in West Africa. BMJ global health, 3(3), e000924. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2018-000924

 

Government of Canada. (2020). Sierra Leone. Retrieved from https://www.international.gc.ca/cil-cai/country_insights-apercus_pays/ci-ic_sl.aspx?lang=eng

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